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| Kibugu, J.K; Makumi, J.N; Ngeranwa, J.J.N; Kagira, J.M; Gathumbi, J.K; Mwangi, J.N. |
| Aflatoxins are known to alter the pathogenesis of many infectious diseases, but such effects have not been evaluated in trypanosome infections. The aim of the present work was to assess the effects of aflatoxin B1 on the pathogenesis of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense infection using a murine model. Mice fed on 0.50 mg/kg aflatoxin b. wt. were infected with T. b. rhodesiense and compared to trypanosome infected and uninfected aflatoxin-fed controls. The clinical and pathological changes were determined and the quantitative data statistically analysed using standard methods. The results showed that infected aflatoxin-fed mice had pronounced dyspnoea, significantly (P<0.05) reduced survival, extreme emaciation, pronounced macrocytic normochromic anaemia... |
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Palavras-chave: Aflatoxin B1; Trypanosomiasis; Pathogenesis; Mice. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/2384 |
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| Kibugu, J.K.; Mdachi, R.E.; Kagira, J.M.; Muchiri, M.W.; Makumi, J.N.; Ngeranwa, J.J.N.; Auma, J. E.; Ngae, G.N.. |
| Through immuno-suppression, aflatoxins could affect drug and vaccine efficacy. Such effects have not been evaluated in treatment of many diseases including trypanosomiasis. We assessed the effect of aflatoxin B1 on the efficacy of suramin, the drug used for treatment of early stage sleeping sickness, in a murine model. Mice were fed daily on a diet containing 0.50 mg aflatoxin/kg body weight or a placebo. They were infected with Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense on day 7 post-aflatoxin exposure and then treated with one of 6 different doses of suramin (4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0 and 6.5 mg/kg body weight) at the onset of parasitemia. The mice were fed on aflatoxin diet for 30 days and the curative dose values (CD50, 75, and 90) computed and compared using a... |
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Palavras-chave: Aflatoxin B1; Trypanosomiasis; Suramin efficacy; Mice. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/3130 |
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| Mbuthia, S.K; Wachira, N.W; Ngure, R.M; Ouma, J; Kagira, J.M. |
| The current study investigated the effects of different types of Kenyan tea extracts on the pathogenesis of Trypanosoma brucei brucei in a Swiss White mice model. Following infection with trypanosomes, the mice were monitored for survival and liver pathology. Tea significantly (P<0.05) enhanced the survival rate of tea treated mice. Additionally, in tea treated but infected mice, there was reduction in infiltration of inflammatory cells into the periportal and parenchymal regions as well as hepatocyte cell damage compared to the infected untreated animals. Green and white teas were superior in most of the above effects while black tea and oolong teas had the least effects. The tea extracts were more efficacious than dexamethasone in prolonging the life... |
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Palavras-chave: Inflammation; Liver pathology; Survival rate; Tea; Trypanosomiasis. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/3094 |
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| Cadioli,F.A.; Marques,L.C.; Machado,R.Z.; Alessi,A.C.; Aquino,L.P.C.T.; Barnabé,P A.. |
| Five adult donkeys were experimentally infected with Brazilian strain of Trypanosoma evansi originally isolated from a naturally infected dog to study the hematological biochemical and histopathological alterations during the evolution of the disease. The course of the experimental infection was followed up to 145 days. Hematological analyses of the infected donkeys revealed a marked decline in hemoglobin, packed-cell volume, and erythrocyte count. Anemia was observed after successive peaks of parasitemia. Biochemical analyses showed increased levels of icterus index, serum globulins and decreased serum albumin and glucose values. All infected donkeys revealed enlargement of spleen and its white pulp, enlargement of mediastinal lymph nodes and lungs... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Donkey; Experimental infection; Trypanosoma evansi; Trypanosomiasis. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352006000500008 |
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| Volpedo,Greta; Costa,Lourena; Ryan,Nathan; Halsey,Gregory; Satoskar,Abhay; Oghumu,Steve. |
| Abstract Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) comprise of a group of seventeen infectious conditions endemic in many developing countries. Among these diseases are three of protozoan origin, namely leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, and African trypanosomiasis, caused by the parasites Leishmania spp., Trypanosoma cruzi, and Trypanosoma brucei respectively. These diseases have their own unique challenges which are associated with the development of effective prevention and treatment methods. Collectively, these parasitic diseases cause more deaths worldwide than all other NTDs combined. Moreover, many current therapies for these diseases are limited in their efficacy, possessing harmful or potentially fatal side effects at therapeutic doses. It is therefore... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Leishmaniasis; Chagas; Trypanosomiasis; Nanoparticles; Liposomes; Nanotubes; Nanodiscs; Micelles. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992019000100201 |
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| Silva,Josileide Araújo da; Domiciano,Tarcísio Oliveira; Montão,Daniele Pina; Sousa,Paulo Geovani Silva; Ramos,Leandro Lopes; Paredes,Laura Jamille Argolo; Monteiro,Silvia Gonzalez; Rivero,Gabriela Riet Correa; Scofield,Alessandra; Bezerra Júnior,Pedro; Bezerra,Isis Abel; Cerqueira,Valíria Duarte. |
| ABSTRACT: Two outbreaks of trypanosomiasis by Trypanosoma evansi in horses in the municipality of Chaves, Marajó Island, Pará State, Brazil are reported. The first outbreak occurred in April 2011 in a farm with 147 horses; of these, 47 (31.97%) got sick, and 40 (27.21%) died. The second outbreak occurred in May 2012 and involved nine properties. Of a total of 679 horses, 209 (30.07%) got sick, and 183 (26.97%) died. The main clinical signs observed in these horses were weight loss, abdominal edema, toe dragging, and pelvic muscle atrophy. Necropsy was performed in two horses, one from each outbreak. Macroscopic alterations were not seen in the horse from the first outbreak; however, the horse from the second outbreak exhibited emaciation, pallor and... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Equids; Trypanosomiasis; Pará; Marajó Island. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782016001202170 |
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| Mukherjee,Suprabhat; Karmakar,Subhajit; Babu,Santi Prasad Sinha. |
| Abstract During the course of evolution, multicellular organisms have been orchestrated with an efficient and versatile immune system to counteract diverse group of pathogenic organisms. Pathogen recognition is considered as the most critical step behind eliciting adequate immune response during an infection. Hitherto Toll-like receptors (TLRs), especially the surface ones viz. TLR2 and TLR4 have gained immense importance due to their extreme ability of identifying distinct molecular patterns from invading pathogens. These pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) not only act as innate sensor but also shape and bridge innate and adaptive immune responses. In addition, they also play a pivotal role in regulating the balance between Th1 and Th2 type of response... |
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Palavras-chave: Toll like receptor (TLR); Trypanosomiasis; Malaria; Filariasis. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702016000200193 |
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